Friday, January 31, 2014

Kickstart Your Art Day 5 - Scrap Background


Click HERE to find out more and to start at the beginning of this crazy, awesomely fun challenge.

I have started an Art Journal that features wonderfully dark ladies.
They are full of surprises and lots of fun.
I am continuing my "ladies journal" for this week long challenge.

 Thank You awesome Art Journal Design Team over at the Smeared and Smudged Forum for all your wonderful tutorials and prompts to help us all out.
And shout out to Smeared Ink for sponsoring and getting this fabulous Challenge up and running.

I adore dark humor in all forms.  One of the best, and who has the best hair, is Elvira Mistress of the Dark.  This AJ page was inspired from the great one herself and quote is from the pinball game Scared Stiff (1996), remember those??

FLASH

NO FLASH


A Mouth Full of Deets

Vamp is one of Ike's new images just released this week.  Find her and other fab images at Ike's Art.
Image was printed onto recycled paper of my kiddos old school work.  Tore along right edge.
Markers and Blender Pen to color in.  Fine tip black Sharpie to darken lines and make veins in eye.

Used the Scrap Background technique for the base of my AJ page.  White Gesso w/ fingers to smear and blend over designer papers.

Watercolor crayons and Aqua Painter to give a bit of color over dried Gesso.
Stamp with Crumb Cake ink from set Urban Decay (April 2013), around all edges of face to give some more texture and shading.  A Smeared Ink Rubber Club past offer stamp set.

Black Sharpie for hand written quote.

Versa Mark ink over page.  Clear Embossing Powder over entire page and heat set.  Somehow managed not to get ink and EP on eye.  But worked out fine.

Crystal Effects on eye and lips.
Did not realize that when I used the water and then heat set that the images from kiddos homework would show through.  But ended up looking pretty cool so no worries.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.


Kickstart Your Art Day 4

Growth

Click HERE to find out more and what the Rules are, 
see daily winners, and see other amazing projects.

I have started an Art Journal this new year that features wonderful ladies.
They are full of surprises and lots of fun.
I am continuing my "ladies journal" for this week long challenge.

What woman gets excited for her monthly "moon"?
Not this gal.
And she thought turning into a vamp would fix this monthly occurrence.


The Moody Details

Started with Whisper White card stock which I then covered with masking tape.  Since it was out from the other challenge. 
Liked the pins look from the other day and so tried once more.  Images got lost due to way too many spray inks, Gesso, water, and Crystal Effects.
Spritzed up with all the ink sprays from the Day 3 Challenge plus a couple of more colors. 
Let dry, or so I thought!

Printed off image Moonstruck from a Smeared Ink set called Movie Madness, artist Susan Eisenhauer (Ike's Art).   
Brushed White Gesso onto ink side of printed image and onto AJ page.  Let dry. 
Used water and cloth to rub off excess card stock to get to image under.  Rubbed a bit too much so had to reprint image onto Vellum paper.

Also found out that the water smeared the ink sprays around.  Note:  Ink Sprays not good with masking tape.

Colored in image on Vellum paper with markers. 
Adhered down with Crystal Effects which I then used over entire page.

Cut out saying from printed Vellum paper and stuck down.

Black Sharpie to write in words.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

Wednesday, January 29, 2014

Kickstart Your Art Challenge - Day 3 and Oh! The Horror! Jan Challenge

Easy Found Objects Background Technique

Click HERE to find out more and what the Rules are, 
see daily winners, and see other amazing projects.
 
OH! THE HORROR! January Challenge 
Silent Hill

I have started an Art Journal this new year that features wonderful ladies.
They are full of surprises and lots of fun.
I am continuing my "ladies journal" for this week long challenge.

This Silent Hill inspired nurse has got a mind of her own and 
is not afraid to stand out from her friends.  
She thinks that since we are already dead, hey it's okay to have other thoughts than just freaking out visitors and killing.
We should all be inspired by her.
 Her thoughts say "Silent Hill my stitched ASS!  More like SMOKIN' HOT NURSE HILL.  Am I right ladies?  Ladies...?!?"



Can't Crack These Deets
I stared my AJ page with a piece of Very Vanilla card stock.

Placed pins all over cs.
Used Dylusional and a Maya Mist Spray Inks to ink cs.  This was a learning process because the pins were so thin that I had to hold bottles pretty high so that the ink "rained" down onto cs.

A random flame template was placed in certain areas and once again used Dylusional Spray Ink, Lemon Zest, to make flames.  
White Chalk Marker to make steam and steam flames.

Stamps from Haunted Places #1 (Sept 2013) were inked with Early Espresso ink and stamped in lower left corner and upper right side.  Clear Embossing powder over each image and heat set.  Images drawn for Smeared Ink by Rick St. Dennis and were a Smeared Ink Rubber Club past offering.

Used a stencil, by Prima, and Basic Black ink to sponge in cracks in upper left corner and along bottom of page.  Sponged ink along those crack edges.

Printed out SH Monster Hill Nurse, by Rick St. Dennis, onto Very Vanilla card stock.
Colored in with inks and Blender Pen.
Tore bits of masking tape and placed over main area of dress to give more texture and make fabric look more realistic.  Went over drawn lines with fine tip black Sharpie.  Fussy cut and adhered to page.

White Chalk marker over her hat, sleeves, shoes.
Sliver marker on blade.
 
Black Sharpie to out line her and for words and cloud thoughts.
Crystal Effects over entire nurse.
 All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

Weekly Smeared Ink DT Project

This have been one week of getting crafty!  Hope you all have been trying to some creativity in your week.

Smeared Ink has resurrected the Design Team Monthly Hop, for the 2014 year, which I am so happy to be a part of.  Click HERE for the first one.  We will be having this DT Monthly Hop the last Monday of each month.  So please check us out and the wonderful projects that we hope will inspire you.

Smeared Ink came out with a new set called Monster Hearts.  I love these hearts and had to play around.  So my Weekly Smeared Ink DT project today features one of these hearts, which I can always carry with me.



Iron On Details

When I saw Monster Hearts, I had to try to make one on a bag.

I printed image out onto Avery (3302) Fabric Transfers.  Now it says that you need an ink jet printer, but since I have never done this...what the hell, lets just try it.  AND it worked!  I have a Canon MG3222 printer, nothing special.

Again, never having tried this, I decided to use Copic's to color in my image.
Once done I used my iron to adhere colored image to the fabric.

I am not the best at figuring out measurements for sewing.  I guess-ta-mate a lot.  I set the cut image and made a reasonable sized rectangle w/ the fabrics.  I did add in the 1/4" seams that would be needed when I did finally sew it all together.  Outside fabric is from stash, and red lining is from Essentials set from Stampin' Up! (retired).

I hand stitched the lines around mouth, two on the right eye, X's around main image, and buttons on left eye with embroidery thread.

I did line inside with the stuff to make the sides a little stronger and the fluffy material also.  So sorry for you who do sew, that I do not know the names of these. 

Yes, there is Crystal Effects on the center of mouth and center of right eye.  Had to try and it did lose a little of the dimension but made those area shiny w/ a cool texture.

Buttons are SU! (retired).
Zipper used was 7".
Bag ended up measuring 6 3/4" x 6 1/2".
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

So glad I tried this and now will have to make more.  Get out of your comfort zone and go try something new this week! 

Kickstart Your Art Challenge Day 2 & HDH Challenge #181


Hearts
Click HERE to find out more and what the Rules are, 
see daily winners, and see other amazing projects .
Hope you can join in this week!

I have started an Art Journal that features wonderful ladies.
They are full of surprises and lots of fun.
I am continuing my "ladies journal" for this week long challenge.
This little lady finally found love.
But you know, he just was not that into her.
So, she found another way to have his heart...
FOREVER!!

NO FLASH 

FLASH
 MUST have you, Deets
I have printed her onto Whisper White card stock.  Colored in with markers and Blender Pen.
Fussy cut and adhered to page.  
Heart in pail is hand drawn in with fine tip black Sharpie.  Crystal Effects on heart, eyes, and hanging star.
Glitter on her eyes.
Background
On Monday when I was messing around with the 3 Primary Color Drips Challenge, this was one of the pages that came out of my gelli plate when I brayered my 3 colors together.  Thought it would be a great background for this page.
Words and large heart is hand drawn with fine tip black Sharpie.
Star stamp is from Simply Stars set (SU!) and stamped with Versa Mark ink.  Then heat embossed with White Embossing Powder.  Did go over with Sharpie after cool.
Basic Black ink sponged around edges.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

Tuesday, January 28, 2014

Ike's World Challenges NEW RELEASE Blog Hop

New Release Blog Hop


Since there is NO Ike's World Challenges this week, we are having a bit of fun with the New Release Blog Hop. Do you fancy Winning one of the New Images from Ike's Art???? 

All you have to do is go around the Hop and leave everyone a comment and then come back here to Ike's World Challenges and leave a Comment saying that you've done that.

This Hop will run throughout this week, so you have plenty of time to enter. Make your way round and back to
Ike's World Challenges by Midnight on Sunday 2nd FEBRUARY 2014

We will do a random pick from those of you who completed the Hop and let you know the Winner at our next Challenge post, which will be on Tuesday 4th FEBRUARY.

 The Design Team (DT) here at Ike's World Challenges have each got an image (or 2) LoL.. that they have used to create some awesome projects for you to see and hopefully inspire you, so without further ado - here is the New Release Blog DT Hop Roll...

Blog Hop Roll





I don't do Straight


CARPE DIEM from Ike's Art is the image I was lucky enough to work with.  Please check below the pictures to find out more about my scrapbook page.  Thanks and have fun on the hop!
  

NO FLASH

FLASH
 

Unsightly Half Truth's of Details

Layout for this 12" x 12" page was inspired by the Very Sketchy Challenge over at the Smeared and Smudged Forum.

Designer paper is from Me & My Big Ideas.

Carpe Diem, from Ike's Art, was printed out onto Whisper White card stock two times.
I colored in image with markers and Blender Pen.  I also went over drawn lines with fine tip Sharpie to high light her beautiful facial features.

Rose was colored and fussy cut from a smaller print out I had done.  This was then placed with a dimensional over the larger printed rose, which was also colored around the edges.

Finger nails and dots along left side of head are Black Ranger Accents. 

Crystal Effects on rose with glitter sprinkled over.

Medium Jewel Rhinestone in center of eye.

Once Carpe Diem image was dry, I placed on Basic Black card stock and fussy cut around already cut image.

Wings are stamped in Black Staze On and from a Smeared Ink Rubber Club past offering stamp set called Quoth The Raven (February 2013).  I fussy cut and adhere to back of cut head.

Scallop die cuts used for the layers behind main Carpe Diem image.  A doily (SU!) was cut in half and placed on opposite sides behind scallop layers.

Background
Top left corner is a Scrap Paper Background Technique that I followed all the way through with both White and Black Gesso over designer paper strips.  I cut up and place at odd angles to give more texture.
Satin Black Ribbon (retired SU!) on the diagonal.

On the lower area of page, I sponged Cherry Cobble ink randomly around.
I had also made a coffee filter rose, which I dabbed White Gesso on and used it to make the white rose  prints randomly on page.
A ruler and Silver marker to make vertical lines randomly on page, and also thicker to make the 3 horizontal lines under saying.
Saying is written with black Sharpie.  I then went over words with Crystal Effects and sprinkled glitter over.
 All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

"Believe only half of what you see and nothing that you hear."  
Edgar Allen Poe.




Monday, January 27, 2014

Kickstart Your Art Challenge Day 1 - 3 Primary Color Drips

3 Primary Color Drips

Click HERE to find out more and what the Rules are.
Hope you can join in this week!

I have started an Art Journal that features wonderful ladies.
They are full of surprises and lots of fun.
I am continuing my "ladies journal" for this week long challenge.

Thank You awesome Art Journal Design Team over at the Smeared and Smudged Forum for all your wonderful tutorials and prompts to help us all out.  
And shout out to Smeared Ink for sponsoring and getting this fabulous Challenge up and running.

On to my AJ page. 
I will have deets below the picture(s).
I have used the 3 primary color drips as my background.

FLASH

NO FLASH

Bangin' Deets

Smeared Ink Rubber Club Stamp Sets:
Chicks Dig Guns (November 2013)
Prints (March 2013)

Gorey Details stamp:
Steampunk Gun

Main granny is printed onto printer paper.  Found image online and is from the 1940's movie, "Granny Get Your Gun".  She is fussy cut and is the star of this page, as in the movie.

Background - I used an Aqua Painter to make my drips in the background with Crushed Curry, Real Red, and Pacific Point inks.

The other gun totin' ladies are stamped with Smoky Grey, not to steal the scene from my main granny.

Shells are stamped with Gold Encore ink randomly all over page.

All other stamped images are in the 3 primary colors.

Hand written saying on the right side is written with a red Sharpie.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

Smeared Ink Design Team January Blog Hop



Shoni - You Are HERE at Crafty Inknik 
Ike 
Rocio - So Sorry but not able to participate this month


Hello and hope you are having a great time on the first Smeared Ink Design Team Blog Hop for 2014.  Be sure to check back the last Monday of every month because we will be getting crafty just for you. 
You may have just arrived from Kapree's fab blog, and are now here at Shoni aka Crafty Inknik.   Up next is Ike and her wonderful project.

Smeared Ink has so many wonderfully fun images and for this January DT Blog Hop we had to choose one of our favorite images.  This was very hard, but I kept thinking about one image.  It was the image I used on my first DT project back in October when I officially became a Smeared Ink DT member.  This rubber stamp is from the set Morte (June 2013 drawn by Mr. Rick St. Dennis) and is from the Smeared Ink Rubber Club.


The Details are in the Frame

Two things inspired this wall hang.  One was the Junk Funk January Challenge over at the Smeared and Smudged Forum.  The challenge is Packaging.  It can be packaging from Christmas or general packaging you have got ready to go in the recycling bin.  I have a box that did contain a Christmas gift and so decided to use and alter it.

The second inspiration was coffee filters.  I wanted to try something different and something that I have not played with for a while.  Usually I used ink and dye the filters, but saw some great looking frames that inspired me to create mine.

The bottom part of the box was covered with dryer sheets and Black Gesso.  It was then opened to lay flat.  I had folded and twisted a whole bunch of filters to look like little fans.  Each one was then hot glued with a glue gun to make a frame.  I did two layers for the frame.

Grosgrain Black Striped Ribbon (retired SU!) was then hot glued to cover the twisted ends of the coffee filters.

Stamp from Morte, Smeared Ink Rubber Club past offering set, was ink with Versa Mark ink.  I stamped image in the center on the Gesso-ed dryer sheet.  Silver Embossing Powder over image and then heat set with heat gun.  I did use a Versa Mark marker to make the cracks around face go a bit further towards the ribbon.  Repeat with Silver EP and heat gun.

Frame was spritzed with Silver Smooch Spritz all around to give a moldy appearance.

Embellies are from stash and hot glued on.

You know I had to use Crystal Effects somewhere (!!) and did use on eyes of main image and each of skull sockets on frame.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.


Tuesday, January 21, 2014

Weeky DT Project for Smeared Ink

Have to give a shout out to the Bronco's for making it to Superbowl!  So exciting and you know we'll be watching and cheering on in a couple of weeks.

For my Weekly Smeared Ink Design Team project, I have used a wonderful image from a fabulous artist Ike (Susan Eisenhauer), who did this image called Rollers, for Smeared Ink.  Visit Ike's Art to see more of her outstanding images.
I have used one of the techniques from the Art Journal Every Day (AJED) Group on the Smeared and Smudged Forum, Scrap Paper Background from Aletha J. Williams.  Thank you so much Aletha and other members of the AJED team that comes up weekly inspiration and tutorials for us newbies!

As you may have read in past posts I am trying an Art Journal this year and am seriously enjoying every minute of it.  For some reason all of may pages have consisted of what some may consider women behaving badly.  For others their behavior is totally understandable, you just have to look at it from their point of view.  I am sure you know which side I fall under, lets see what you think of my latest page...


Curling Details
Rollers was printed out onto Whisper White card stock.  Colored in with markers and Blender Pen.  Fussy cut and torn along the bottom.

Background was pieced together with random pieces of designer paper, card stock, and other bits and pieces that I have in "junk drawer".

Crystal Effects is over entire background.  I used Red Maya Mist Spritz.  Martha Stewart bone punch for all the little bones which I sprinkled around main image.

Words were written in blue Sharpie and then cut.  Adhered to page with dimensionals and Crystal Effects over each one.

Swirls on edges were hand doodled with gold pen.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

Monday, January 13, 2014

Haunted Design House #180 Challenge

Lucky 13 and Haunted Design House is back with their awesome challenges!
I hear that there is new minion in the dungeon...wonder what happened to the last one...I'm sure they are okay...
Better get over there to see the wicked new DT and great inspiration for this new challenge.

Macabre Monday Challenge #180 - Fresh Blood.  Great way to start out the new year with some fresh blood.  Interpret this as you may, but it's got to be creepy, dark, and downright evil.  My kind of challenge!

I have made a card, yes another one, with a background from my new home made gelli plate, yes another one.  There will be more people, cause I went a little craZy this weekend.  I try to make each one different so please check out the details below.

Image, Zombie Cat Dragger,  is from Rick St. Dennis and I believe that this zombie use to to cook for a Chinese restaurant.  Stop your moan cause you  know its true!!  heheeee....

Pic has No Flash

Cat Rangoon Ingredients

Card base is Pumpkin Pie card stock.
Card front is WhisKer, oops...Whisper White card stock with Acrylic Paint layers from my home made gelli plate.

White Gesso on center of card front and also on printed image of chef Zombie Cat Dragger.  Place image down on card front and let dry.
Once image was dry, used a wash cloth and water to get rid of excess card stock.

Colored image with markers and Sharpies.
Printed out image twice onto Vellum Paper.  Fussy cut one full image and adhered to one on card from with Crystal Effects. 
Colored image with Sharpies.

Wrote words and colored in with pen.
Versa Mark ink over entire page.
Clear Embossing Powder over page and heat set (you can see this better in the Flash Pic below).

Fussy cut and diced off head, arm, and kitty from second printed image on Vellum Paper.  Again adhered with Crystal Effects. 
Went over once more with Sharpies.

Red Maya Mist Spritz on fingers then applied randomly around main image.
Used a poker tool to scratch marks in the dried red ink.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

Flash used in this pic

Weekly DT Project and Anything Goes January Challenge

Monday.
Yup.
Did get some cards finished and one of them is for my Weekly Smeared Ink Design Team Project.  I have used one of my favorite Smeared Ink Rubber Club stamps for the card I am sharing today.  Smeared Ink has some great little characters in both digital and rubber form called Grumpies.

Since my card only contains Smeared Ink stamps, I am also going to show it off in the Smudgy Antics Anything Goes Challenge on the Smeared and Smudged Forum.  Check out the free Smeared and Smudged Forum for more Challenges, Mixed Media and Art Journal groups, and unique projects posted for you to be inspired by.

I have succeeded in making a home made gelli plate and now have tons of awesome background pieces.  Acrylic paints, along with a Brayer and brushes have made up the background for my card today.  More deets below...
FLASH

NO FLASH

Finding All The Deets

I stamped my ghost Grumpie from one of the past offering Smeared Ink Rubber Club stamp sets, Creepy Lil' Grumpies (August 2013 set #2) with Black Staze On.
Stamped images where then fussy cut out of one side of inked background.
Stamped images again on cut ink background that I used on the card.
Used marker to color in eyes of each cut Grumpie to help them pop a bit more.
Dimensional used to give more dimension to the cut Grumpies which were adhered to the card front.

Layered card stock onto card base, Midnight Muse card stock.
Wrote words with pen, cut and layered.
Used dimensionals to adhere to left side of card front.

Crystal Effects over words and eye centers of Grumpies.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.


Friday, January 10, 2014

Musically Challenged Challenge #16 and Stampotique Designers Challenge #130


It's a gelli of a day, no?  Well it is for me because of a wonderful lady who also a member on the Smeared and Smudged Forum posted what she found on how to make your own home made gelli plate.

I did make one and it was finished and set by 8:00pm last night.  Had to play of course and so made this card that will fit in 2 wonderful challenge blogs.  The first is called Musically Challenged.  Usually the challenge is based off of a video that is posted, but this Challenge #16 is A Song from A Movie that inspires you to create something.

The second is Stampotique Designers Challenge blog.  The Challenge #130 is Something New.  My NEW purchase was the ingredients I used to make my NEW fun tool the home made gelli plate.  Only rubber stamped images were used on this card.

After I finished playing with the gelli plate, I had several pieces of inked papers.  I love blue and decided to try to make something with the one sheet.  Then looking at my stamps, I thought, what have I not used in a while.  Well miss Smushallaum was looking right at me and then the Musically Challenged Challenge and the Stampotique Designers Challenge popped into my head.  There you go.

I made a card using the wonderful stamp Smushallaum by Daniel Torrente from Stampotique Orginals.  I was also inspired by one of the DT (design team) members on the Musically Challenged blog who also did The Little Mermaid, song Under The Sea.


No Flash used for 2nd picture


Songful o' Deets

Card base is Old Olive card stock with Smoky Slate ink on all edges to take some of the brightness out of the paper.

Everything else is on one piece of Whisper White card stock.

Background is all from my new homemade gelli plate.
Acrylic paints, Distress Spray, and reinkers (SU!) are all on the background in layers.

Stamps used are Smushallaum stamped in Black Staze On, and Heads stamped in White Staze On.  Both are Daniel Torrente stamps from Stampotique Originals.

Smushallaum is colored in with markers and Blender Pen.  Finished with Crystal Effects over entire stamped image.

Words are hand written with a pen.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.

Thursday, January 9, 2014

Smeared and Smudged January Member Blog Hop

It's Blog Hop time!

The Smeared and Smudged Forum is hosting a
January Member Blog Hop.

 You should have arrived from Kapree and are now here at Shoni aka Crafty Inknik's blog.
Next up is Fiona.

The Blog Hop Member Roll will be posted following my project, 
then more details on my project and more pics.

This hop is all day long with wonderful projects
created just for this event.  
I thank you for hopping along with us and to all the 
wonderful talented people who made the hop possible.

I have altered a wooden clothes pin with a 
New Smeared Ink image from the set


Blog Hop Roll

Tori 
Lisa 

Snoozin' on the Deets

Image from the Smeared Ink digital set Eyes In The Dark, was printed out 8 times.
This was Technique #7 - Fussy Cut Layering found in the Smeared and Smudged Forum in the new Mixed Media Group.
Each image was colored in with inks and Blender Pen.
Then each image was fussy cut and with each layer, a section of the image was cut off, this achieves the great dimension and layering.
I used dimensionals to adhere each layer.
Versa Marker Pen around cut layer edges.  Gold Embossing Powder over marked areas and a heat gun to set.
Once all put together, Crystal Effects was used over entire owl and set aside to dry.

I used the 1/2" Watercolor Wonder Designer Washi Tape from Stampin' Up! (2014 Occasions Catalog) to cover wooden clothes pin and the entire back of owl once it was dried.
Sticky Strip to adhere owl to cloths pin.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.






Wednesday, January 8, 2014

Weekly Smeared Ink Design Team Project and Quoth the Raven, Nevermore Quest #28

I have combined my Smeared Ink Weekly DT project with this month's Quest #28 from the wonderful all Edgar Allen Poe blog, Quoth the Raven, Nevermore.

Smeared Ink has some fabulous new digital papers out and I can not stop using the ones from the Poe Boy set.  Which of course goes soooo well with any of the Quoth the Raven, Nevermore quests.

I have only used stamps and images from Smeared Ink for my project.  Quest #28 is Anything Poes this month.  I made a calender holder, which I can keep always because I can just print out new months.  Love Excel!



Daily Poe Deets

Printed out one of the Poe Boy digital pages twice.
Fussy cut one and used as a mask over the other.
Stamped images with Smeared Ink Rubber Club set, a past offering, Quoth The Raven (February 2013).
Used Ranger Clear Rock Candy Distress Crackle Paint over entire front.

Adhered printed image to Whisper White card stock.
Calender holder base is Basic Black cs, scored and cut.

Printed out monthly calender on recycled paper, cut, stamped and stapled together.
Double sided to tape to adhere in holder.
All materials used are current Stampin' Up! unless otherwise noted.